¿Cómo saber si tengo hemorroides internas o externas?

Antes de pasar a tratar las diferencias entre los tipos de hemorroides, aunque este artículo se centrará en las hemorroides externas, lo primero que debemos saber es qué son las hemorroides exactamente.

Las hemorroides, o enfermedad hemorroidal, es una inflamación de las venas, los plexos hemorroidales o de los tejidos que sostienen la zona anorrectal. Aunque su origen específico no está claro, son varias las causas que pueden provocar esta afección, desde los esfuerzos que conlleva el estreñimiento, pasando por el aumento de presión durante las últimas semanas de embarazo, hasta el factor hereditario.

Las hemorroides son consideradas formaciones normales del organismo y son asintomáticas, pero cuando la presión en dicha zona es excesiva, la superficie de las hemorroides se ve afectada y produce una serie de síntomas que variarán según el tipo de hemorroide. El tratamiento de las almorranas externas requiere de productos específicos.

Tipos de hemorroides

Dependiendo de su localización, las hemorroides se clasifican del siguiente modo:

  • Hemorroides internas: se encuentran en la parte alta del recto y están cubiertas por mucosa. Se pueden manifestar a través de sangrado rectal sin dolor y prolapso (o salida al exterior a través del ano). No suelen dar lugar a trombosis.
  • Hemorroides externas: se encuentran en la línea dentada, u orificio, del ano. Se manifiestan a través de pequeños bultos que provocan picor y dolor cuando se trombosan y hemorragias cuando se ulceran. Su síntoma más evidente es la presencia de sangre en el papel higiénico o en las paredes del inodoro después de cada deposición.

¿Cómo curar las hemorroides externas?

Las hemorroides externas son las más fáciles de detectar y quizás, también de curar. Normalmente, el tratamiento de almorranas externas va acompañado de medidas higiénico-dietéticas y del uso de remedios farmacológicos y naturales:

Medidas higiénico-dietéticas

Estas medidas suelen ir encaminadas a evitar el estreñimiento mediante una correcta regulación del intestino y ablandar las heces:

  • Beber mucho líquido y tomar alimentos ricos en fibra, como cereales, fruta y pan integral.
  • Tomar suplementos de fibra que regulen el intestino y ablanden las heces.
  • Evitar la vida sedentaria, hacer ejercicio físico regular y perder peso.
  • Tomar baños de asiento de agua templada mezclada con infusiones de plantas medicinales.
  • No utilizar papel higiénico tras las deposiciones, sino agua o toallitas que no contengan alcohol.

Remedios farmacológicos y naturales

Existen en el mercado distintos preparados de uso tópico para aliviar los síntomas de las hemorroides externas:

  • Cremas a base de corticoides y anestésicos locales.
  • Analgésicos por vía oral para aliviar el dolor.
  • Uso de complementos específicos, como Flebinec, elaborados a base de biflavonoides para mejorar la microcirculación y el tono venoso.
  • Jabones no irritantes y esponjas naturales para mantener la higiene de la zona afectada.
  • Aplicación de criocompresas o hielo en la zona afectada para aliviar el picor, el dolor y la inflamación.
  • Infusiones de manzanilla, castaño de indias o arándanos para favorecer la circulación venosa.

¿Cómo aliviar las hemorroides externas?

La enfermedad hemorroidal en su categoría externa puede resultar muy molesta al realizar las deposiciones. Seguir estos sencillos pasos te ayudará a reducir la inflamación y evitar posibles infecciones:

  • No utilices papel higiénico. Después de las deposiciones, limpia con cuidado la zona utilizando una esponja de fibras naturales Suavinex (como las que se utilizan con los bebés) o toallitas sin alcohol, para evitar irritaciones.
  • A continuación, aplica una pomada analgésica que ayude a cicatrizar la herida y a aliviar el dolor.

Si los síntomas persisten y el sangrado pasa de leve a abundante, es posible que se trate de una afección distinta a las hemorroides. Acude a tu médico de cabecera o especialista para buscar un diagnóstico y una solución.

Es muy importante que evites automedicarte y sigas en todo momento las recomendaciones médicas.

322 Comentarios

  1. Hola, en mi caso, hace como 5 días comí unas hamburguesas y a partir de ahí empece con mucho ardor en la parte externa del ano, y vi que me salieron como pequeñas vesículas. Estoy tomando agua y comiendo fibra, mis heces están bien pero aún tengo inflamado. Nunca tuve sangrado. Todo eso puede haber sido por los condimentos de una hamburguesa industrial? Por otro lado, si sigo comiendo saludable se desinflamará solo? Siento ardor y dolor. Gracias

    • Buenos días Ramiro, por lo que nos comentas puedes utilizar la pomada Anso, que además de reducir el picor, contiene una acción des-inflamatoria. De igual forma, por la situación es conveniente que acudas a tu médico de cabecera.

      Esperamos que todo vaya bien.

      Un cordial saludo.

    • Buenas tardes Patricio, en principio, al no ser dolorosa ni sangrar, parece no revestir importancia. Observe la evolución del bulto y si hay algún cambio, consulte con su médico para que pueda descartar un absceso (un cúmulo de pus en la zona del ano y el recto), entre otras afecciones. Desde Dosfarma, le recomendamos, de todas formas, limpiar muy bien la zona, hacer baños de asiento tibios y utilizar unas toallitas limpiadoras, calmantes y refrescantes como: Hemofarm Plus Toallitas.
      Esperamos que todo vaya bien,

      Un saludo

    • Hola buen día ya hace mas de un año tengo un pequeño bulto alrededor de ano pero en estos últimos meses e sentido en ocasiones ardor y comezón intensos y muy rara vez siento que defecó un coágulo de sangre estoy muy asustado, a donde puedo ir a consulta soy de Bucaramanga…muchas gracias

  2. Hola yo tengo 4,meses que tuve un parto y de ahí me resultaron hemorroides externas .
    Son muy dolorosas y sangran al momento de evacuar
    Están sumamente inflamadas
    Que procedimiento debo seguir para eliminarlas????

  3. Hola. hace 2 dias detecte una pequeña bolita cerca del ano, al palparla y al evacuar no presento ningún dolor y se siente acolchonada, como se puede desinflamar o eliminar?

  4. Holaaa hace 1 año tuve hemorroides externas, y desde ese momento me quedó un bulto que es un hemorroide afuera. Cómo se puede curar eso.

  5. Desde hace un año me salió una pequeña bolita y con el tiempo creció un poco no presentó molestias pero me gustaría saber como eliminarla . Gracias

  6. Hola tengo un mes i tres semanas de tener hemorroides externas fui a un médico de medicina general y me mandó daflom y doxiproct plus pero nose me han desinflamando q puedo tomar para desinflamarlas no sangro solo me duele cuando defeco q pastilla es buena para desinflamarlas a estoy hasiendo dieta de vegetales y fibra y agua

  7. Hola buenas noches
    Puedes hacer vapores de manzanilla natural hasta este remedio pones a hervir la manzanilla ya que termine de hervir la pones en cubeta la Manzanilla y vas ver que sale vapor y te vas al baño y te sientas en la cubeta taponando con toalla para que no se escape el vapor de la manzanilla Tienes que aguantar todo lo que se pueda hasta que se enfríe la manzanilla y lo puede hacer todos las veces que se pueda y después de estos vapor de manzanilla no debes de bañarte después de los vapores de manzanilla y te aseguro que vas sentir un alivio refrescante y sin dolor ni ardor .

    Saludos desd méxico

  8. Buenas doctor yo en mi caso ya voy sufriendo x muchos años tengo 25 años de edad y cuando voy al baño sufro mucho .. ni ganas de ir al baño xk ay veces k sangro y me duele. Y asta no puedo ni dormir xk todo el día es dolor dolor nada más asta ay veces me da fiebre escalofrío todo … Y te toco y siento un bultito pekeño .. cómo podría aser para poder desaparecer eso y poder tener una vida sano y feliz alegre .. porfavor ayúdenme

  9. Hola ase como tres meses sufri de estreñimiento par poder ir al baño tuve q colocarme un edema mis hece muy secas consulte m mandaron unos supositorios ase como un mes dangte mucho al aser popo desfe esr dia tengo hemorrpidrs externos y cuando miro la taza esta con dangre bastante mi ano esta inflamado lo siento al parparlo y el dolor es fuerte por favor orienteme gracias

  10. pasaba decirle que yo también andaba con la misma. Tenia hemorroides, y me re mejore tomando un medicamento.
    El medicamento se llama Ferziman Venotónico debe tener ANTIINFLAMATORIO VENOTONICO. Hay Diferentes tipos de Fermizan, pero ese que dije ese el mejor.

  11. doctor buenas noches mi caso es el siguiente cada vez que voy al baño hacer mis necesidades sangro mucho y se me sale el ano y es un problema para que este vuelva a su estado normal y me toca ayudarme con los dedos para que este entre y así descansar ya me da miedo ir al baño por el dolor es muy fuerte que me recomienda doctor muchas gracias

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